Sub-Etha Software’s Arduino Telnet server

2014-03-03: The latest source code will be found on GitHub.

I have not had time to work on this lately, but I thought I would share my current work-in-progress Telnet server code in case anyone wanted to experiment with it.

A sample setup()/loop() is provided to demonstrate how it may be used by your program.

NOTE: For the dual server code to work, you must modify your Ethernet library to fix a bug. I will clean up the code later so you can conditionally compile it without this support. This code allows the server to respond to other telnet requests while someone is using the system. It will send back a message, letting them know the system is busy and to try later.

Supported: Are You There, ECHO and maybe a few other things.

WORK IN PROGRESS!

#if 1
__asm volatile ("nop");
#endif
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sub-Etha Software's Arduino Telnet Server
By Allen C. Huffman
www.subethasoftware.com

This is a Telnet Server. It properly (?) parses various Telnet escape
sequences, and honors a few of them. It has placed where all the others can
be trapped and handled, if needed.

It can be compiled to use RAM storage for strings, or Flash storage.

It can be compiled to include extensive Telnet debug output, showing all
the incoming and outgoing Telnet escape sequences.

For production use, it is recommended to have TELNET_DEBUG off, and USE_FLASH
on.

2013-04-12 0.0 allenh - First posted to www.subethasoftware.com.

CHECK BACK FOR UPDATES! Much more still to be done...
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define VERSION "0.0"

// Define this to make all the strings live in Flash instead of RAM.
#define USE_FLASH

// Define this to include printing basic Telnet protocol information. This
// will include a bunch of Flash strings.
#define TELNET_DEBUG // takes about 1176 bytes of Flash + 14 bytes of RAM.

// Define this to use multiserver support,but only if you have fixed your
// Ethernet library to allow it. See:
// http://subethasoftware.com/2013/04/09/arduino-ethernet-and-multiple-socket-server-connections/
//#define TELNET_MULTISERVER

#ifdef USE_FLASH
#define FLASHMEM PROGMEM
#define FLASHSTR(x) (const __FlashStringHelper)(x)
#define FLASHPTR(x) (const __FlashStringHelper)pgm_read_word(&x)
#else
// If not using FLASH, no special casting or keywords.
#define FLASHMEM
#define FLASHSTR(x) (x) //(const char *)(x)
#define FLASHPTR(x) (x) //(const char *)(x)
#endif
//#define PGMT(pgm_ptr) (reinterpret_cast<const __FlashStringHelper *>(pgm_ptr))

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
// Telnet protocol stuff.
// Reference: http://www.softpanorama.net/Net/Application_layer/telnet.shtml

#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>

// Configure MAC address and IP address.
byte mac[] FLASHMEM = { 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42 };
byte ip[] FLASHMEM = {10, 0, 1, 42};

#define TELNETID  "Sub-Etha Software's Arduino Telnet server."
//#define TELNETID  "Connection Established."
#define TELNETAYT "Yes. Why do you ask?"

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
// PROTOTYPES
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
byte telnetRead(EthernetClient client);
byte telnetInput(EthernetClient client, char *cmdLine, byte len);

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
// DEFINES
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/

#define NUL   0  // NULL
#define BEL   7  // Bell
#define BS    8  // Backspace
#define HT    9  // Horizontal tab
#define LF    10 // Line feed
#define VT    11 // Vertical tab
#define FF    12 // Form feed
#define CR    13 // Carriage return
#define DEL   0x7f // Delete key for some terminals.

// Commands - IAC,<type of operation>,<option>
#define EOF   236 // End of file?
#define SP    237 // Suspend process?
#define ABORT 238 // Abort process?
#define EOR   239 // End of record?
#define SE    240 // End of subnegotiation parameters
#define NOP   241 // No operation
#define DM    242 // Data mark
#define BRK   243 // Break
#define IP    244 // Suspend
#define AO    245 // Abort output
#define AYT   246 // Are you there?
#define EC    247 // Erase character
#define EL    248 // Erase line
#define GA    249 // Go ahead
#define SB    250 // Subnegotiation of the indicated option follows
#define WILL  251 // Indicates the desire to being performing
#define WONT  252 // Indicates the refusal to perform
#define DO    253 // Indicates the request that the other party performs
#define DONT  254 // Indicates the demand that the other party stop performing
#define IAC   255 // Interpet as command

// Telnet Options
// http://www.iana.org/assignments/telnet-options/telnet-options.xml
// http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_TelnetOptionsandOptionNegotiation-2.htm
#define OPT_TRANSBIN   0  // TRANSMIT-BINARY
#define OPT_ECHO       1  // ECHO
#define OPT_RECONNECT  2  // reconnection
#define OPT_SUPGA      3  // SUPPRESS-GO-AHEAD
#define OPT_AMSN       4  // approx message size negotiation
#define OPT_STATUS     5  // STATUS
#define OPT_TIMINGMARK 6  // TIMING-MARK
#define OPT_RCTE       7  // RCTE remote controlled trans and echo
#define OPT_OUTLINEWID 8  // output line width
#define OPT_OUTPAGESIZ 9  // output page size
#define OPT_NAOCRD     10 // output carraige return disposition
#define OPT_NAOHTS     11 // output horizontal tab stops
#define OPT_NAOHTD     12 // output horizontal tab stop disposition
#define OPT_NAOFFD     13 // output formfeed disposition
#define OPT_NAOVTS     14 // output vertical tabstops
#define OPT_NAOVTD     15 // output vertical tab disposition
#define OPT_NAOLFD     16 // output linefeed disposition
#define OPT_EXTENDASC  17 // EXTEND-ASCII extended ascii
#define OPT_LOGOUT     18 // LOGOUT
#define OPT_BM         19 // BM byte macro
#define OPT_DET        20 // DET data entry terminal
#define OPT_SUPDUP     21 // SUPDUP display protocol
#define OPT_SUPDUPOUT  22 // SUPDUP-OUTPUT
#define OPT_SENDLOC    23 // SEND-LOCATION
#define OPT_TERMTYPE   24 // TERMINAL-TYPE
#define OPT_EOR        25 // END-OF-RECORD
#define OPT_TUID       26 // TUID tacacs user id
#define OPT_OUTMRK     27 // OUTMRK output marking
#define OPT_TTYLOC     28 // TTYLOC terminal location number
#define OPT_3270REGIME 29 // 3270-REGIME telnet 3270 regime
#define OPT_X3PAD      30 // X.3-PAD
#define OPT_NAWS       31 // NAWS negotiation about window size
#define OPT_TERMSPEED  32 // TERMINAL-SPEED
#define OPT_REMFLOWCTL 33 // TOGGLE-FLOW-CONTROL
#define OPT_LINEMODE   34 // LINEMODE
#define OPT_XDISPLOC   35 // X-DISPLAY-LOCATION (XDISPLOC)
#define OPT_ENVIRON    36 // ENVIRON telnet environment
#define OPT_AUTHEN     37 // AUTHENTICATION
#define OPT_ENCRYPT    38 // ENCRYPT encryption option
#define OPT_NEWENVIRON 39 // NEW-ENVIRON telnet new environment
#define OPT_TN3270E    40 // TN3270E
#define OPT_XAUTH      41 // *XAUTH
#define OPT_CHARSET    42 // CHARSET
#define OPT_RSP        43 // *telnet remote serial port (RSP)
#define OPT_COMMPORT   44 // COM-PORT-OPTION comm port control option
#define OPT_SUPPECHO   45 // *telnet suppress local echo
#define OPT_STARTTLS   46 // *telnet start TLP
#define OPT_KERMIT     47 // KERMIT
#define OPT_SENDURL    48 // *SEND-URL
#define OPT_FORWARDX   49 // *FORWARD-X
// 50-137 Unassigned
#define OPT_EXOPL      255// EXTENDED-OPTIONS-LIST (EXOPL) extended opt list

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
// GLOBALS
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/

// Some globals the Ethernet stuff needs.
EthernetServer telnetServer = EthernetServer(23); // Server on this port.
#if defined(TELNET_MULTISERVER)
EthernetServer goawayServer = EthernetServer(23); // Additional listener.
#endif
EthernetClient client;                            // Client connection.
boolean        telnetConnected = false;
boolean        offlineMode = false;
uint8_t        modeFlags = 0;                     // Global option bit flats.

//#define telnetModeEnable(x)  (modeFlags = modeFlags | x)
//#define telnetModeDisable(x) (modeFlags = modeFlags & ~x)
#define telnetMode(x)        (modeFlags & x)

#define MODE_SUPGA    bit(0)
#define MODE_ECHO     bit(1)
#define MODE_LINEMODE bit(2)

enum TelnetModes
{
MODE_LOOKING_FOR_CMD,
MODE_LOOKING_FOR_TYPE,
MODE_LOOKING_FOR_OPT,
MODE_LOOKING_FOR_SB_OPT,
MODE_LOOKING_FOR_OPT_VAL,
MODE_LOOKING_FOR_SE,
MODE_LOOKING_FOR_DO_OPT,
MODE_LOOKING_FOR_DONT_OPT,
MODE_LOOKING_FOR_WILL_OPT,
MODE_LOOKING_FOR_WONT_OPT,
MODE_DONE
};

#if defined(TELNET_DEBUG)
// Store these strings in Flash to save RAM.
const char SEstr[]   FLASHMEM = "SE";
const char NOPstr[]  FLASHMEM = "NO";
const char DMstr[]   FLASHMEM = "DM";
const char BRKstr[]  FLASHMEM = "BRK";
const char IPstr[]   FLASHMEM = "IP";
const char AOstr[]   FLASHMEM = "AO";
const char AYTstr[]  FLASHMEM = "AYT";
const char ECstr[]   FLASHMEM = "EC";
const char ELstr[]   FLASHMEM = "EL";
const char GAstr[]   FLASHMEM = "GA";
const char SBstr[]   FLASHMEM = "SB";
const char WILLstr[] FLASHMEM = "WILL";
const char WONTstr[] FLASHMEM = "WONT";
const char DOstr[]   FLASHMEM = "DO";
const char DONTstr[] FLASHMEM = "DONT";
const char IACstr[]  FLASHMEM = "IAC";

// Create an array of pointers to Flash strings, in Flash.
const char *telnetCmd[] FLASHMEM = // 240-255
{
SEstr, NOPstr, DMstr, BRKstr, IPstr, AOstr, AYTstr, ECstr,
ELstr, GAstr, SBstr, WILLstr, WONTstr, DOstr, DONTstr, IACstr
};

// Store these strings in Flash to save RAM.
// "lowercase" are items where I couldn't find the official string
// name (not part of an RFC). More research is needed.
// 0-9
const char opt_transbin[]   FLASHMEM = "TRANSMIT-BINARY";
const char opt_echo[]       FLASHMEM = "ECHO";
const char opt_reconnect[]  FLASHMEM = "reconnection";
const char opt_supga[]      FLASHMEM = "SUPPRESS-GO-AHEAD";
const char opt_status[]     FLASHMEM = "STATUS";
const char opt_amsn[]       FLASHMEM = "amsn";
const char opt_timingmark[] FLASHMEM = "TIMING-MARK";
const char opt_rcte[]       FLASHMEM = "RCTE";
const char opt_outlinewid[] FLASHMEM = "output-line-width";
const char opt_outpagesiz[] FLASHMEM = "output-page-size";
// 10-19
const char opt_naocrd[]     FLASHMEM = "NAOCRD";
const char opt_naohts[]     FLASHMEM = "NAOHTS";
const char opt_naohtd[]     FLASHMEM = "NAOHTD";
const char opt_naoffd[]     FLASHMEM = "NAOFFD";
const char opt_naovts[]     FLASHMEM = "NAOVTS";
const char opt_naovtd[]     FLASHMEM = "NAOVTD";
const char opt_naolfd[]     FLASHMEM = "NAOLFD";
const char opt_extendasc[]  FLASHMEM = "EXTEND-ASCII";
const char opt_logout[]     FLASHMEM = "LOGOUT";
const char opt_bm[]         FLASHMEM = "BM";
// 20-29
const char opt_det[]        FLASHMEM = "DET";
const char opt_supdup[]     FLASHMEM = "SUPDUP";
const char opt_supdupout[]  FLASHMEM = "SUPDUP-OUTPUT";
const char opt_sendloc[]    FLASHMEM = "SEND-LOCATION";
const char opt_termtype[]   FLASHMEM = "TERMINAL-TYPE";
const char opt_eor[]        FLASHMEM = "END-OF-RECORD";
const char opt_tuid[]       FLASHMEM = "TUID";
const char opt_outmrk[]     FLASHMEM = "OUTMRK";
const char opt_ttyloc[]     FLASHMEM = "TTYLOC";
const char opt_3270regime[] FLASHMEM = "3270-REGIME";
// 30-39
const char opt_x3pad[]      FLASHMEM = "X.3-PAD";
const char opt_naws[]       FLASHMEM = "NAWS";
const char opt_termspeed[]  FLASHMEM = "TERMINAL-SPEED";
const char opt_remflowctl[] FLASHMEM = "TOGGLE-FLOW-CONTROL";
const char opt_linemode[]   FLASHMEM = "LINEMODE";
const char opt_xdisploc[]   FLASHMEM = "X-DISPLAY-LOCATION";
const char opt_environ[]    FLASHMEM = "ENVIRON";
const char opt_authen[]     FLASHMEM = "AUTHENTICATION";
const char opt_encrypt[]    FLASHMEM = "ENCRYPT";
const char opt_newenviron[] FLASHMEM = "NEW-ENVIRON";
// 40-49
const char opt_tn3270e[]    FLASHMEM = "TN3270E";
const char opt_xauth[]      FLASHMEM = "xauth";
const char opt_charset[]    FLASHMEM = "CHARSET";
const char opt_rsp[]        FLASHMEM = "rsp";
const char opt_commport[]   FLASHMEM = "COM-PORT-OPTION";
const char opt_suppecho[]   FLASHMEM = "suppress-echo";
const char opt_starttls[]   FLASHMEM = "start-tls";
const char opt_kermit[]     FLASHMEM = "KERMIT";
const char opt_sendurl[]    FLASHMEM = "send-url";
const char opt_forwardx[]   FLASHMEM = "forward-x";
// 255
const char opt_exopl[]      FLASHMEM = "EXTENDED-OPTIONS-LIST";

// Create an array of option codes and pointers to Flash strings, in Flash.
typedef struct
{
const byte code;
const char *name;
}
TelnetOptStruct;

TelnetOptStruct telnetOpt[] FLASHMEM =
{
{
OPT_TRANSBIN,   opt_transbin   }
,
{
OPT_ECHO,       opt_echo   }
,
{
OPT_RECONNECT,  opt_reconnect   }
,
{
OPT_SUPGA,      opt_supga   }
,
{
OPT_AMSN,       opt_amsn   }
,
{
OPT_STATUS,     opt_status   }
,
{
OPT_TIMINGMARK, opt_timingmark   }
,
{
OPT_RCTE,       opt_rcte   }
,
{
OPT_OUTLINEWID, opt_outlinewid   }
,
{
OPT_OUTPAGESIZ, opt_outpagesiz   }
,
// 10-19
{
OPT_NAOCRD,     opt_naocrd   }
,
{
OPT_NAOHTS,     opt_naohts   }
,
{
OPT_NAOHTD,     opt_naohtd   }
,
{
OPT_NAOFFD,     opt_naoffd   }
,
{
OPT_NAOVTS,     opt_naovts   }
,
{
OPT_NAOVTD,     opt_naovtd   }
,
{
OPT_NAOLFD,     opt_naolfd   }
,
{
OPT_EXTENDASC,  opt_extendasc   }
,
{
OPT_LOGOUT,     opt_logout   }
,
{
OPT_BM,         opt_bm   }
,
// 20-29
{
OPT_DET,        opt_det   }
,
{
OPT_SUPDUP,     opt_supdup   }
,
{
OPT_SUPDUPOUT,  opt_supdupout   }
,
{
OPT_SENDLOC,    opt_sendloc   }
,
{
OPT_TERMTYPE,   opt_termtype   }
,
{
OPT_EOR,        opt_eor   }
,
{
OPT_TUID,       opt_tuid   }
,
{
OPT_OUTMRK,     opt_outmrk   }
,
{
OPT_TTYLOC,     opt_ttyloc   }
,
{
OPT_3270REGIME, opt_3270regime   }
,
// 30
{
OPT_X3PAD,      opt_x3pad   }
,
{
OPT_NAWS,       opt_naws   }
,
{
OPT_TERMSPEED,  opt_termspeed   }
,
{
OPT_REMFLOWCTL, opt_remflowctl   }
,
{
OPT_LINEMODE,   opt_linemode   }
,
{
OPT_XDISPLOC,   opt_xdisploc   }
,
{
OPT_ENVIRON,    opt_environ   }
,
{
OPT_AUTHEN,     opt_authen   }
,
{
OPT_ENCRYPT,    opt_encrypt   }
,
{
OPT_NEWENVIRON, opt_newenviron   }
,
// 40-49
{
OPT_TN3270E,    opt_tn3270e   }
,
{
OPT_XAUTH,      opt_xauth   }
,
{
OPT_CHARSET,    opt_charset   }
,
{
OPT_RSP,        opt_rsp   }
,
{
OPT_COMMPORT,   opt_commport   }
,
{
OPT_SUPPECHO,   opt_suppecho   }
,
{
OPT_STARTTLS,   opt_starttls   }
,
{
OPT_KERMIT,     opt_kermit   }
,
{
OPT_SENDURL,    opt_sendurl   }
,
{
OPT_FORWARDX,   opt_forwardx   }
,
// 255
{
OPT_EXOPL,      opt_exopl   }
};
#endif // #if defined(TELNET_DEBUG)

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/

const char telnetID[]  FLASHMEM = TELNETID;
const char telnetAYT[] FLASHMEM = TELNETAYT;

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
while(!Serial);

Serial.println();
Serial.println(FLASHSTR(telnetID));

showFreeRam();

telnetInit();
}

#define INPUT_SIZE 40
void loop()
{
char buffer[INPUT_SIZE];
byte count;

showFreeRam();

if (offlineMode)
{
Serial.print(F("[Offline]Command or 'BYE': "));
}
else if (telnetConnected)
{
client.print(F("[Telnet]Command or 'BYE': "));
Serial.print(F("[Telnet]Command or 'BYE': "));
}
count = telnetInput(client, buffer, INPUT_SIZE);
if (count==255)
{
Serial.println(F("[Connection Lost]"));
}
else
{
Serial.print(count);
Serial.println(F(" bytes received from client."));
}
if (strcmp_P(buffer, PSTR("BYE"))==0)
{
if (offlineMode)
{
Serial.println(F("[Online Mode]"));
offlineMode = false;
}
if (telnetConnected==true) telnetDisconnect();
}
}

unsigned int freeRam()
{
extern int __heap_start, *__brkval;
int v;
return (int) &v - (__brkval == 0 ? (int) &__heap_start : (int) __brkval);
}

void showFreeRam()
{
Serial.print(F("Free RAM: "));
Serial.println(freeRam());
}

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
// FUNCTIONS
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------/

// Initialize the Ethernet Shield.
void telnetInit()
{
// Temporary arrays so we don't waste RAM storing them.
byte tempMac[6];
byte tempIp[4];

memcpy_P(tempMac, mac, 6);
memcpy_P(tempIp, ip, 4);

Ethernet.begin(tempMac, tempIp);

Serial.print(F("Server address: "));
Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());

telnetServer.begin();
#if defined(TELNET_MULTISERVER)
goawayServer.begin();
#endif
}

// Block and wait for an incoming Ethernet TCP connection,
// or local keyboard connection.
// true = Telnet connection
// false = local connection
boolean telnetWaitForConnection()
{
Serial.println(F("[Waiting on Connection]"));
modeFlags = 0;
while(1)
{
//ledBlink();
// Check for local connection
if (Serial.available())
{
  // Go offline if logging on locally.
  Serial.println(F(&quot;[Offline Connection]&quot;));
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println(FLASHSTR(telnetID));

  offlineMode = true;
  return false;
}

if (!offlineMode)
{
  client = telnetServer.available();
  if (client)
  {
    //telnetConnected = true;
    Serial.println(F(&quot;[New Connection]&quot;));

    client.println();
    client.println(FLASHSTR(telnetID));

    // Wait to see what the client has to say, if anything.
    delay(100); // half second pause
    while(telnetRead(client));

    /*
     // So... What is your terminal type?
     telnetSendSb(OPT_TERMTYPE, 1);
     delay(100); // half second pause
     while(telnetRead(client));
     */
    /*
    // We will control the echo, too.
     if (telnetMode(MODE_ECHO)==false)
     {
     telnetSendEscCmd(DO, OPT_ECHO);
     }
     delay(100);
     while(telnetRead(client));
     */
    return true;
  }
}
} } void telnetDisconnect() { Serial.println(F("[Closing Connection]")); if (offlineMode) { offlineMode = false; } else { delay(1); client.stop(); telnetConnected = false; } } // Read data from Telnet connection. byte telnetRead(EthernetClient client) { static byte mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_CMD; byte ch; boolean done = false; ch = 0; // Return 0 if we don't find any data. done = false; // While not done and there is data available... while (!done && client.available()) { // Read character from telnet connection. ch = client.read();
// What are we doing, currently?
switch(mode)
{
  // Normal mode. Look for commands.
case MODE_LOOKING_FOR_CMD:
  if (ch==IAC)
  {
#if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintCmd(IAC); #endif mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_TYPE; } else { // Not a command, just return it. done = true; continue; // Go back to while. } break;
  // IAC,&lt;type of operation&gt;,&lt;option&gt;
  // Looking for command type.
case MODE_LOOKING_FOR_TYPE:
  if (ch==IAC)
  {
    // Two in a row is escaped, per PFudd on RFC comments.
    // http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc854.html
#if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintHex(ch); #endif done = true; continue; } // Print type. #if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintCmd(ch); #endif switch(ch) { case SE: // Subnegotiation ends. mode = MODE_DONE; break;
  case SB: // Subnegotiation follows.
    mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_SB_OPT;
    break;

  case DO:
    mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_DO_OPT;
    break;

  case DONT:
    mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_DONT_OPT;
    break;

  case WILL:
    mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_WILL_OPT;
    break;

  case WONT:
    mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_WONT_OPT;
    break;

  case AYT:
    mode = MODE_DONE;
    client.println(FLASHSTR(telnetAYT));
    break;

    // Commands with no options.
  case EC:
    ch = BS;
    mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_CMD;
    break;

  case EOF:
  case SP:
  case ABORT:
  case EOR:
  case NOP:
  case DM:
  case BRK:
  case IP:
  case AO:
  case EL:
  case GA:
    mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_CMD;
    break;

    // Anything we don't understand, we'll assume has no option...?
  default:
    mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_CMD;
    break;
  } // end of switch(ch)
  break;

  // Looking for option.
case MODE_LOOKING_FOR_OPT:
case MODE_LOOKING_FOR_SB_OPT:
#if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintOpt(ch); #endif if (mode==MODE_LOOKING_FOR_SB_OPT) { //test: mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_SE; mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_OPT_VAL; } else { //telnetHandleDo(ch); mode = MODE_DONE; } break;
case MODE_LOOKING_FOR_DO_OPT:
#if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintOpt(ch); #endif telnetHandleDo(ch); mode = MODE_DONE; break;
case MODE_LOOKING_FOR_DONT_OPT:
#if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintOpt(ch); #endif telnetHandleDont(ch); mode = MODE_DONE; break;
case MODE_LOOKING_FOR_WILL_OPT:
#if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintOpt(ch); #endif telnetHandleWill(ch); mode = MODE_DONE; break;
case MODE_LOOKING_FOR_WONT_OPT:
#if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintOpt(ch); #endif telnetHandleWont(ch); mode = MODE_DONE; break;
case MODE_LOOKING_FOR_OPT_VAL:
#if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintHex(ch); #endif mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_SE; break;
  // Subnegotiation stream in progress.
case MODE_LOOKING_FOR_SE:
  if (ch==IAC)
  {
#if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintCmd(IAC); #endif mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_TYPE; } else { //if (isprint(ch)) { // Serial.print((char)ch); //} else { #if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintHex(ch); #endif //} } break;
  // Unknown mode.
default:
  // Serial.println(&quot;*** Unknown mode... ***&quot;);
  break;
}

// If we are not in normal mode, nothing to return.
if (mode!=MODE_LOOKING_FOR_CMD) ch = 0;

// If done, toggle to normal mode.
if (mode==MODE_DONE)
{
  Serial.println();
  mode = MODE_LOOKING_FOR_CMD;
}
} // end of while(client.avaialable()) /* if (ch<32 || ch>127) { //Serial.print("Returning: "); Serial.print("("); Serial.print(ch, DEC); Serial.print(")"); } */ return ch; } void telnetSendEsc() { client.write(IAC); #if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) Serial.print(F(">")); telnetPrintCmd(IAC); #endif } void telnetSendEscCmd(byte cmd) { telnetSendEsc(); client.write(cmd); #if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintCmd(cmd); #endif } void telnetSendEscCmd(byte cmd, byte option) { telnetSendEscCmd(cmd); client.write(option); #if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintOpt(option); #endif } void telnetSendSb(byte option, byte val) { telnetSendEscCmd(SB, option); client.write(val); client.write(IAC); client.write(SE); #if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) telnetPrintHex(val); telnetPrintCmd(IAC); telnetPrintCmd(SE); #endif } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ // If the server asks us if we WILL use an option, if we will, we should // respond and tell them we DO, or DONT. boolean telnetHandleWill(byte opt) { if (telnetHandleOptEnable(opt)==true) { telnetSendEscCmd(DO, opt); return true; } telnetSendEscCmd(DONT, opt); return false; } boolean telnetHandleDo(byte opt) { if (telnetHandleOptEnable(opt)==true) { telnetSendEscCmd(WILL, opt); return true; } telnetSendEscCmd(WONT, opt); return false; } boolean telnetHandleDont(byte opt) { if (telnetHandleOptDisable(opt)==true) { // Tell them we WONT use it. telnetSendEscCmd(WONT, opt); return true; } // If we can't not do the option, what should we do? Ignore for now. return false; } boolean telnetHandleWont(byte opt) { if (telnetHandleOptDisable(opt)==true) { // Tell them we DONT use it. telnetSendEscCmd(DONT, opt); return true; } // If we can't not do the option, what should we do? Ignore for now. return false; } // Enable the option, if we can. // true = we can, and we did. // false = we cannot, and we did not. boolean telnetHandleOptEnable(byte opt) { switch(opt) { case OPT_ECHO: // Turn on echo mode bit. telnetModeEnable(MODE_ECHO); Serial.print(F("(echo mode enabled)")); break; case OPT_SUPGA: telnetModeEnable(MODE_SUPGA); Serial.print(F("(suppress go ahead enabled)")); break;
/*
case OPT_LINEMODE:
 telnetModeEnable(MODE_LINEMODE);
 Serial.print(F(&quot;(line mode enabled)&quot;));
 break;
 */
/*
case OPT_TERMTYPE:
 // Just here so the client can send it to us.
 break;
 */
// Else, we do not do this. Let them know.
default: return false; } // If here, tell sender we will do as they requested. return true; } // Disable the option, if we can. // true = we did // false = we did not boolean telnetHandleOptDisable(byte opt) { boolean wasDisabled = false; switch(opt) { case OPT_ECHO: wasDisabled = telnetModeDisable(MODE_ECHO); if (wasDisabled) Serial.println(F("(echo mode disabled)")); break; case OPT_SUPGA: wasDisabled = telnetModeDisable(MODE_SUPGA); if (wasDisabled) Serial.println(F("(suppress go ahead disabled)")); break; /* case OPT_LINEMODE: wasDisabled = telnetModeDisable(MODE_LINEMODE); if (wasDisabled) Serial.println(F("(line mode disabled)")); break; */ // Else, we have been told not to do something we don't know how to not // do... What do we do? "WONT" is the only valid response. So if we // don't know what it is, we probably won't be doing it. Right? default: // I guess this is fine. Should we respond? //telnetSendEscCmd(WONT, opt); return false; // Let called know we had a request we didn't handle. } // If here, tell the sended we wont do what they asked us not to do. //telnetSendEscCmd(WONT, opt); return wasDisabled; } boolean telnetModeEnable(byte mode) { modeFlags = modeFlags | mode; return true; } boolean telnetModeDisable(byte mode) { if (telnetMode(mode)==false) return false; modeFlags = modeFlags & ~mode; return true; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ // LINE INPUT str // Read string up to len bytes. This code comes from my Hayes AT Command // parser, so the variables are named differently. #define CR 13 #define BEL 7 #define BS 8 #define CAN 24 byte telnetInput(EthernetClient client, char *cmdLine, byte len) { int ch; byte cmdLen = 0; boolean done; boolean echoMode; // We cannot read zero bytes, so we won't even try. if (len==0) return 0; if (!offlineMode) { // Do we need to let them know they can send us stuff? if (client.connected() && !telnetMode(MODE_SUPGA)) telnetSendEscCmd(GA); } done = false; while(!done) { //ledBlink();
// We use this multiple places, so do it once.
echoMode = telnetMode(MODE_ECHO);
#if defined(TELNET_MULTISERVER) // Check for secondary connection EthernetClient client2 = goawayServer.available(); if (client2) { if (client2.connected()) { Serial.println(F("[Secondary client connected.]")); client2.println(); client2.println(FLASHSTR(telnetID)); client2.println(F("The system is busy right now. Please try again later.")); delay(1); client2.stop(); Serial.println(F("[Secondary client disconnected.]")); } } #endif
if (!offlineMode)
{
  if (telnetConnected==false)
  {
    telnetConnected = telnetWaitForConnection();
    // If serial (false), start inputting?
    //if (telnetConnected==false) continue;
    // Otherwise...
    // On fresh connection, simulate CR from client.
    cmdLine[0] = '&#92;&#48;';
    return 0;
  }
  else if (client.connected()==false)
  {
    Serial.println(F(&quot;n[Connection Lost]&quot;));
    telnetDisconnect();
    return 255;
  }
}

ch = -1; // -1 is no data available
if (Serial.available()&gt;0)
{
  ch = Serial.read();
  if (cmdModeCheck(ch)==true) cmdMode();
  // Make sure we echo local typing to the remote client.
  echoMode = true;
}
else if (client.available()&gt;0)
{
  //ch = client.read();
  if (!offlineMode) ch = telnetRead(client);
}
else
{
  if (cmdModeCheck(0)==true) cmdMode();
  continue; // No data. Go back to the while()...
}
switch(ch)
{
case -1: // No data available.
  break;

case CR:
  //if (echoMode)
  if (!offlineMode &amp;&amp; telnetConnected)
  {
    client.write((char)CR);
    client.write((char)LF);
  }
  Serial.println();
  cmdLine[cmdLen] = '&#92;&#48;';
  done = true;
  break;

case CAN: // ^X
  //print(F(&quot;[CAN]&quot;));
  while(cmdLen&gt;0)
  {
    if (!offlineMode &amp;&amp; telnetConnected &amp;&amp; echoMode)
    {
      client.write((char)BS);
      client.print(F(&quot; &quot;));
      client.write((char)BS);
    }
    Serial.write((char)BS);
    Serial.print(F(&quot; &quot;));
    Serial.write((char)BS);
    cmdLen--;
  }
  cmdLen = 0;
  break;

case BS:
case DEL:
  if (cmdLen&gt;0)
  {
    if (!offlineMode &amp;&amp; telnetConnected &amp;&amp; echoMode)
    {
      client.write((char)BS);
      client.print(F(&quot; &quot;));
      client.write((char)BS);
    }
    Serial.write((char)BS);
    Serial.print(F(&quot; &quot;));
    Serial.write((char)BS);
    cmdLen--;
  }
  break;

default:
  // If there is room, store any printable characters in the cmdline.
  if (cmdLen&lt;len-1)
  {
    if ((ch&gt;=32) &amp;&amp; (ch&lt;=128)) // isprint(ch) does not work.
    {
      if (!offlineMode &amp;&amp; telnetConnected &amp;&amp; echoMode) client.write((char)ch);
      Serial.write((char)ch);
      cmdLine[cmdLen] = ch; //toupper(ch);
      cmdLen++;
    }
    // Ignore other nonprintable characters.
  }
  else
  {
    //if (echoMode) ???
    if (!offlineMode &amp;&amp; telnetConnected) client.write((char)BEL); // Overflow. Ring 'dat bell.
    Serial.write((char)BEL);
  }
  break;
} // end of switch(ch)
} // end of while(!done) return cmdLen; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ // Telnet Protocol debug stuff. These routines will print out text versions // of the Telnet protocol messages sent and recieved. // #if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) void telnetPrintCmd(byte type) { Serial.print(F("[")); if (type>=SE && type<=IAC) { Serial.print(FLASHPTR(telnetCmd[type-SE])); } else { Serial.print(type); } Serial.print(F("]")); } void telnetPrintOpt(byte opt) { int i; boolean found; found = false; Serial.print(F("[")); for (i=0; i<(sizeof(telnetOpt)/sizeof(*telnetOpt)); i++) { if (pgm_read_byte(&telnetOpt[i].code) == opt) { Serial.print(FLASHPTR(telnetOpt[i].name)); found = true; break; } } if (!found) Serial.print(opt, HEX); Serial.print(F("]")); } void telnetPrintHex(byte val) { Serial.print(F("[")); Serial.print(val, HEX); Serial.print(F("]")); } #endif // #if defined(TELNET_DEBUG) /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ // End of TelnetServer

5 thoughts on “Sub-Etha Software’s Arduino Telnet server

  1. Gustavo

    Arduino: 1.5.4 (Windows 7), Board: “Arduino Due (Programming Port)”

    C:\Program Files (x86)\arduino-1.5.4/hardware/tools/g++_arm_none_eabi/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ -c -g -Os -w -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -nostdlib –param max-inline-insns-single=500 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -Dprintf=iprintf -mcpu=cortex-m3 -DF_CPU=84000000L -DARDUINO=154 -DARDUINO_SAM_DUE -DARDUINO_ARCH_SAM -D__SAM3X8E__ -mthumb -DUSB_VID=0x2341 -DUSB_PID=0x003e -DUSBCON -DUSB_MANUFACTURER=”Unknown” -DUSB_PRODUCT=”Arduino Due” -IC:\Program Files (x86)\arduino-1.5.4\hardware\arduino\sam\system/libsam -IC:\Program Files (x86)\arduino-1.5.4\hardware\arduino\sam\system/CMSIS/CMSIS/Include/ -IC:\Program Files (x86)\arduino-1.5.4\hardware\arduino\sam\system/CMSIS/Device/ATMEL/ -IC:\Program Files (x86)\arduino-1.5.4\hardware\arduino\sam\cores\arduino -IC:\Program Files (x86)\arduino-1.5.4\hardware\arduino\sam\variants\arduino_due_x -IC:\Program Files (x86)\arduino-1.5.4\libraries\SPI\src -IC:\Program Files (x86)\arduino-1.5.4\libraries\SPI\arch\sam -IC:\Program Files (x86)\arduino-1.5.4\libraries\Ethernet\src -IC:\Program Files (x86)\arduino-1.5.4\libraries\Ethernet\arch\sam C:\Users\Gustavo\AppData\Local\Temp\build1467798643220567383.tmp\Telnet_Multiple_Sockets.cpp -o C:\Users\Gustavo\AppData\Local\Temp\build1467798643220567383.tmp\Telnet_Multiple_Sockets.cpp.o

    Telnet_Multiple_Sockets.ino: In function ‘byte telnetInput(EthernetClient, char*, byte)’:
    Telnet_Multiple_Sockets:1099: error: ‘cmdModeCheck’ was not declared in this scope
    Telnet_Multiple_Sockets:1099: error: ‘cmdMode’ was not declared in this scope
    Telnet_Multiple_Sockets:1110: error: ‘cmdModeCheck’ was not declared in this scope
    Telnet_Multiple_Sockets:1110: error: ‘cmdMode’ was not declared in this scope

    Reply
    1. Allen Huffman Post author

      Put ATParser.ino in the same directory. It’s in my post about Hayes AT command parser, somewhere here. I will update and link to it when I am at my computer.

      Reply
  2. Gustavo

    Worked, but the second connection drops after I try to connect. is this the normal behavior or something is wrong? how can i have 2 or more simultaneous connections to the console? thanks.

    Reply
    1. Allen Huffman Post author

      I found the default behavior of Arduino telnet was to just hang if you try to connect and it was in use, so I made these modifications so you could tell the other connections the server is busy.

      However, with some clever programming, it would be possible to handle to requests instead. In the mail loop, it would check each connection, read and respond, then repeat. It wouldn’t be as nice as a full multitasking environment, but I think it could be done quite easily.

      I will look in to doing an example like that when I get time to work on Arduino again.

      Reply

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